I don’t know if I can answer that one with confidence. There’s so much we don’t know.
To begin, let’s do away with the man-made label which is designed to spark fear and just call it harmful or non-beneficial energy.
I think there are three things worth noting here.
In order to take over your body, it would need to have a stronger connection to it than you. Since this body is yours and you are connected to it as long as you are alive, you are likely to always have the strongest possible connection. The very attempt would have you shoot back in like an elastic band, kicking whatever was interfering with you back out. To you, it would simply be a failed attempt.
Next, a lot of rational practitioners have come to the belief that in order to leave your body, you are actually traveling in a temporary carbon copy of your etheric body. So your physical body is never truly empty. In modern terms, let’s compare it to using virtual realty gear to take over a drone flying across the landscape. You are still in your comfortable chair, but the VR glasses and earphones are shutting you off from the environment around you and making you experience the sights and possibly sounds of that drone.
Third, it would have to find your body first. Here in a physical world, everything appears to have its limits. But once you go to an energetic plane, the landscape goes on forever. Forget about finding a needle in a haystack, we’re talking a needle in a stack of needles. The only way for such harmful energy to find you is if someone walked in, sat down next to you and did everything in their power to direct it at you while you slept. But you wouldn’t be experimenting with this stuff unless you were in a safe place, would you?
I would like to stress that most advanced practitioners of things like OoB and channeling agree that you should always do so with absolute confidence.
If you were to walk through a ghetto, taking small steps, clutching your wallet, constantly looking around, terrified of being robbed, odds are some criminals will pick up on the body language and rob you. But if you walked with a purpose, confident and deliberate, they would be for more likely to leave you alone. One of the most important lessons criminals learn is to pick the targets that won’t fight back.
If you practice things like out-of-body experiences, you should do so only when you believe you have made all the preparations and everything is going to be totally fine. Maybe initially all you want to do is travel to the next room, staying close to your body or even hovering over it. Whatever it takes, you should always be confident that you are safe and sound. That way, if there is indeed something out there that could possibly mess with you, it’ll know better.