It’s the UPSC, India’s civil service exam. The first round of exams, on June 22, ranks students based on a memorization-focused test and disqualifies anyone who gets below 33% on a quantitative reasoning test.
Of those who pass the quantitative reasoning test, the ones who do the best on the memorization test (roughly 1 in 80) are allowed to take a second and final round of 7(!) exams in Sept 21-22, which consist of an essay, 4 general studies exams, and two exams of the tester’s choice in two of many specialized subjects. A syllabus of the general studies exams can be found here: https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/syllabus/upsc-mains-general-studies-paper-syllabus/
Roughly .1% of people do well enough on the exams and interview to make it to the Indian Administrative Service, although this number includes the large number of registered students who don’t even show up to the prelims.
So overall, a whole bunch of memorization, and the avility to apply that knowledge to difficult questions.